T he purpose of the study was to establish the actuality in the strategy of amelioration and surface’s expansion of the leguminous plants. It has been presented the importance of the Leguminous crops for bean (soy, peas, haricot, chick-pea, lentil, bean, peanut and others) for the safe Economy of the Republic of Moldova. The production of vegetable proteins is considered as a major problem of fundamental and applied science. The increasing of productivity is based on genetic researches by creation of new varieties of soy, haricot, peas, the reappraisal of the crops of chick-pea, lentil, bean and introducing of new varieties with high adaptability to specific paedologic and climatic conditions such as peanut, cowpea and others.