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Articolul urmator |
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Ultima descărcare din IBN: 2023-07-04 00:54 |
SM ISO690:2012 CORJAN, Valentina, SARDARI, Veronica. The role and mechanisms of action of microRNAs in cancer. In: Cercetarea în biomedicină și sănătate: calitate, excelență și performanță, Ed. 1, 20-22 octombrie 2021, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: 2021, p. 50. ISBN 978-9975-82-223-7 (PDF).. |
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Cercetarea în biomedicină și sănătate: calitate, excelență și performanță 2021 | ||||||
Conferința "Cercetarea în biomedicină și sănătate: calitate, excelență și performanță" 1, Chişinău, Moldova, 20-22 octombrie 2021 | ||||||
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Background. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small non-coding RNAs that perform an important role in post-transcriptional gene regulation, act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in different types of cancer and can be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets in cancer. Objective of the study. To highlight various mechanisms of dysregulation of miRNA expression and their role in formation and development of human cancer. Material and Methods. In order to achieve the aim of the study, various databases (miRCancer, OncomiR, miRactDB) were studied and a number of 23 scientific articles were analyzed. The research of the literature allowed to elucidate the mechanisms of miRNA dysregulation in human cancer including miRNA genes abnormalities, transcriptional control changes and unregulated epigenetic changes. Results. Through deep sequencing, high-throughput screening, and chip technologies, it has been found that there are many deregulated miRNAs in cancer cells. Abnormal miRNA expression in malignant cells compared with normal cells has been often attributed to alterations in genomic microRNA copy numbers and gene locations (deletion or translocation) and dysregulation of some key transcription factors, such as c-Myc and p53. Similarly, the epigenetic alterations were elucidated in the context of their association with cancer, including global genomic DNA hypomethylation, aberrant DNA hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes and disruption of the histone modification patterns. Conclusion. In malignant cells, miRNAs are heavily dysregulated by multiple mechanisms, including deletion or translocation of miRNA genes, abnormal transcriptional control, epigenetic changes. Epigenetic changes of miRNA genes are used as useful biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. |
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Cuvinte-cheie MiRNAs, cancer, miRNAexpression, epigeneticchanges, transcription, miRNA, cancer, expresie miRNA, modificări epigenetice, transcripție |
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