In the publication is presented an evaluation of the statistical and experimental data from the literature, recorded by the Institute's profile Laboratory, regarding the evolution, current state, and the general level of productivity, as well the specifics in the use of breeds and types of specialized sheep exploited for meat and milk production. It was found that worldwide there is a wide diversity of breeds with its territorial, regional, and related to traditions and religious aspects in the consumption of those productions obtained from sheep. In the Republic of Moldova, there is a clear interest from the part of farmers for the breeding of meat and milk sheep, and also is attested a positive dynamic during recent years in the regard of quantity to their flocks.