The vineyards in the south of Moldova are increasingly affected by climate change occurring over the last period. Reducing crop quality and quantity a hub of grape vineyards and affecting the occurrence of early winter frosts and excessive negative temperatures, the late spring frosts and drought of the vegetation period, result in significant losses for vineyard property. Witnessing lately to torrential rainfall, prolonged drought, excessive years of normal or dry years followed by rain. All these aspects influence of soil water reserves have mostly hydric deficit since June. The paper presents analysis of rainfall and soil humidity regime. For analysis of rainfall were recorded at weather station data used to SCDVV Bujoru. They collected soil samples monthly, on the horizon 0-100cm, from 20 to 20 cm. With hydro index was calculated soil moisture in the soil available. To determine actual evapotranspiration and soil water shortage monthly. Analyzed during the early vegetation period the soil water reserve is located in the humidity range of 55-70% of assets and soil water deficit is greatest in August. The experiments have been carried out within the Project entitled ,,Research concerning the global climate change upon the viticultural ecosystem, Project no. 51075/Sept 2007, PNII” run within Partnership Programme