Given that the dominant factor in political and social relations between Moldova and the Russian Federation remains to be economic cooperation, areas where both parties have interests. The main drivers of cooperation in economic relations is, achieving free trade regime between Moldova and the Russian Federation, attracting Russian investments in industry and agrifood sector. Russian Federation being the market for large, creates opportunity for Moldovan export of domestic products. Transnistria is an important lever for the Russian Federation, which was operated on at the right time at necessity to demonstrate the dependence of the Kremlin. Countless times Transnistrian conflict indirectly influenced the economic relations during the period 2001-2006 , the situation after being refused Kozak plan or directly as was done in 2006 by imposing embargo on Moldovan wines. There are no objective reasons that would explain this situation downright strange, especially since several times, threatened national economic security has been irreversibly damaged, both by external factors, internal as well.