Lipovans, also known as the old-believers or starovery, is a schism in the Russian Orthodox Church, which appeared during the reform of Patriarch Nikon at the end of the seventeenth century. Being pursued by the Russian rule, they have populated neighbouring countries, many of them settling in the Romanian Lands, where they became known as Lipovans. When the Soviet power was reintroduced into SSR, in 1944, the Bessarabian Lipovans were profoundly religious. The Lipovan communities did not spread throughout the MSSR, but only in some districts, towards the Dniester. The members of these communities took special care to preserve prayer houses, repaired and kept them in good condition. But with time, due to the antireligious propaganda, and the migration of former peasants to cities, the number of believers in the Lipovan denomination decreases. In the period 1944-1965, the Lipovan communities in the MSSR had a rather intense religious life under the guidance of the Episcopate and the clergy. At the same time, we notice a decrease in religiosity among Lipovans. Following a new attack organized by the Soviet authorities after 1957, the number of prayer houses and believers decreased. However, the primary objective of the Soviet authorities in the fight against religion was not achieved. Even under these difficult conditions, the Lipovan Christian cult survived.