Drought in the Republic of Moldova is considered one of the most complex and dangerous meteorological phenomena and is one of the main features of the regional climate, conditioned by the very uneven spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric precipitation, accompanied by high air temperatures. To study the impact of the drought that occurred in 2020 on the development and yield of sunflower in the Republic of Moldova, in order to identify the agrometeorological factors that largely compromised the achene yield of sunflower. The research was based on initial data collected from specialized sources, such as the archives of the State Hydrometeorological Service and the National Bureau of Statistics. The collected factual information was systematized, processed, interpreted graphically and cartographically, using statistical programs – Statgraphics, Instat Plus and Qgis, in accordance with the objectives set earlier. The summer of 2020, in the Republic of Moldova, was characterized by hot weather and, for the most part, by precipitation deficit. The average air temperature for this season, in the studied territory, was +20.7..+23.7ºС, being generally 1.92.9ºС higher than the norm. The maximum air temperature during the summer was +38ºC (August; Tiraspol, Stefan-Vodă Meteorological Stations). The number of days with a maximum air temperature of +30ºС and higher, in the country, varied from 7 days in the north of the country to 24 days in the south, the norm being 3-11 days. A maximum air temperature of +35ºС and higher was recorded for 1-6 days (the norm is one day). The amount of precipitation during the summer season, on 75% of the territory, was 80-140 mm (40-75% of the norm). Only in a few districts, the amount of precipitation was 155-205 mm (80-95% of the norm). The comparative analysis of the average yield per 1 ha of sunflower in 2020 with the respective yield in 2019 and with the yield in the previous 10 years (20102019), allowed establishing the impact of the strong and very strong drought of 2020 on the average sunflower yield in administrative-territorial profile. Thus, we found that the drought in the summer of 2020 compromised about 50% of sunflower yield, amounting to only 11 q/ha compared to 22 q/ha in 2019.