Seasonal differences in the growth and development of bee families of Ukrainian steppe and Carpathian breeds were determined. It was established that the largest number of streets in hives per bee family was with queens of the second year of breeding. According to Verigin IP [4], Papchenko OV [7] and others, increasing the number of bees in a family in the spring is extremely important in preparing it for pollination, use of productive honey harvests, rebuilding hives, creating large forage reserves for adverse weather in summer and winter, and in autumn to raise young bees that will have to overwinter and raise several generations of bees in the spring of next year [8]. The strength of the bee colony is estimated by counting the streets on a standard size frame. On a frame of standard size 435 x 300 mm in the street 250 g of bees. The strength of families is sometimes determined in the framework of [6]. To create and keep families strong, it is necessary to use full-fledged breeding queen bees of breeding lines adapted to this type of bribe [2]. The bee family exists only as long as the uterus works in it, with its loss the heredity of individuals changes, and therefore the family acquires new qualitative and quantitative features. Increasing the productivity of bee colonies depends on the quality of the uterus. Egg laying of the uterus depends not only on the volume of its ovaries and the number of fallopian tubes, but also on agro-climatic conditions, feeding, the number of bees in the nest [2, 5]. The purpose of research. To determine the seasonal differences in the growth and development of bee families of Ukrainian steppe and Carpathian breeds; The work was performed in homestead apiaries of Mykolayiv, Odesa and Vinnytsia regions. Evaluation of economic and useful characteristics of bee colonies was carried out according to the methods of Avetisyan G.A. [1], Bilash G.D. and Kryvtsov N.I. [2], Brovarsky V.D. [3]. To check the bee colonies for the purity of the breed, we focused on the exterior data, biological characteristics of bees, signs of behavior of bees, color and features of body hair, the type of sealing with wax caps of honey in the cells. If the family had 90% or more compliance with the biological characteristics of the Ukrainian or Carpathian breed, it was included in one of the above breed groups. This took into account the biological development of families in the spring, the fertility of queens of the second and third years of life, the impact of these traits on the strength of the family and its working condition, as well as the degree of intensity depending on the age of queens and different ambient temperatures. The intensity of spring development of bee colonies is one of the signs of the strength of the bee colony. The faster the bee colony develops, the better it will use the honey collection and the earlier it can form a layer. The peculiarities of the growth of bee colonies began to be studied from the moment when the colonies entered the phase of intensive growth after wintering and the old bees were replaced by young ones. Families were evaluated on two criteria: uterine ovulation and family strength. From data it is established that the largest number of streets in beehives with queens of the second year of deduction per one bee family was on the I apiary in the MykolaivNikolaev region in 2016 and made 16,3 ± 31,6 that is more, than In 2014, it was 0.5 streets or 3.1% (P ˃ 0.95), and in the second apiary it was 0.6 streets or 3.9% more (P ˃ 0.95). In Odesa region, the number of streets in the first apiary was higher in 2016 compared to 2014 by 0.7 kg or 4.4% (P ˃ 0.99) and in the second apiary more by 1.0 street or 6.6 % (P ˃ 0.999). In Vinnytsia region, the number of streets in the first apiary was higher in 2015 compared to 2014 by 0.6 streets or 4.1% (P ˃ 0.95). Laying of eggs by queen bees in the Vinnytsia region took place less intensively, than in the Nikolaev area that is caused by climatic conditions and later approach of warm weather. The queen bees of the Ukrainian steppe bees of the second year of breeding had higher egg productivity, which is also related to climatic conditions. The date shows that the largest number of streets in hives with queens of the third year of hatching per bee family was in the first apiary in the Mykolaiv area in 2015 was more than in 2014 by 0.3 streets or 2, 2% (P ˂ 0.95), and in the second apiary more by 0.3 streets or 2.3% (P ˂ 0.95). It is established that in the Odessa region the number of streets was higher in the first apiary in 2016 compared to 2014 by 0.3 streets or 2.09% (P ˂ 0.95) and in the second apiary more in 2015 compared to 2014 by 0.6 streets or by 4.1% (P ˃ 0.95). It is established that in the Odesa region the number of streets was higher in the first apiary in 2016 compared to 2014 by 0.3 streets or 2.09% (P ˂ 0.95) and in the second apiary more in 2015 compared to 2014 by 0.6 streets or by 4.1% (P ˃ 0.95). In Vinnytsia region, the number of streets in the first apiary was higher in 2016 compared to 2014 by 0.6 streets or 4.7% (P ˃ 0.95), and in the second apiary more by 0.4 streets or 3, 0% (P ˂ 0.95). A comparative analysis of these tables shows that families of the Carpathian breed (with queens of the second and third year of breeding) were better in their development than the Ukrainian steppe bees by an average of 3.2% in 2014 in the apiaries of the Mykolaiv region. Comparing the laying of eggs by uteruses of the second and third year of hatching in apiaries of Odessa and Vinnytsia regions, it should be noted that the uterus of the Ukrainian steppe breed in apiaries of Odessa region laid more eggs than the uterus of the Carpathian breed in 2014 by 8.3% and the first apiaries , 7% in terms of second apiaries. Also in terms of egg-laying, the uterus of the Carpathian breed was inferior to the Ukrainian steppe uteri, which began to gain a high rate of egg-laying and exceeded the Carpathian ones. This circumstance gives a number of advantages to Carpathian bees over Ukrainian queens, in better use of early honeybees or opportunities for beekeepers to form earlier layers from them. Thus, Ukrainian steppe bees emerged more moderately from the wintering state, so they showed their maximum rate of development a little later. This behavior of these bees can be used for later honey collection, when families are gaining enough strength and can use it well.