Creation of new varieties of winter durum wheat
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2022-02-09 16:22
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ROTARY, S., LYATAMBORG, S., GORE, Andrei. Creation of new varieties of winter durum wheat. In: International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova, Ed. 11, 15-16 iunie 2021, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al Universităţii de Stat din Moldova, 2021, Ediția 11, p. 114. ISBN 978-9975-933-56-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.092
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International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova
Ediția 11, 2021
Congresul "International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova"
11, Chişinău, Moldova, 15-16 iunie 2021

Creation of new varieties of winter durum wheat

DOI:https://doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.092
CZU: 631.527:633.112

Pag. 114-114

Rotary S., Lyatamborg S., Gore Andrei
 
Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection
 
Proiecte:
 
Disponibil în IBN: 18 iunie 2021


Rezumat

Durum winter wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) was created as a result of interspecific and intraspecific hybridization. Thus, by the methods of interspecific and intraspecific hybridization, a valuable source material was created for the selection of winter durum wheat. Highly productive, short-stemmed lines, which are distinguished by good winter hardiness and other valuable economic and biological features, were selected by repeated selection from hybrid combinations. All these lines were studied in various experiments of the breeding process (breeding, control and competitive nurseries). The study of new lines in the control and competitive nursery allowed us to select some of them that surpass the best varieties in productivity and resistance to abiotic and biotic environmental factors. In 2018, the yield of the best lines in the control nursery varied from 8.4 to 9.36 t / ha, and in 2019 from 3.1 to 5.1 t / ha. In the competitive variety testing, the harvest of the best lines in 2018 ranged from 6.4 - 6.82 t / ha, and in 2019 from 2.3-3.69 t / ha. As you can see, in 2019 the crop was the lowest due to weather conditions, since the year was arid. As a result of many years of work by breeders of our country, a number of new varieties of this valuable crop have been bred that are distinguished by good winter hardiness, drought tolerance, productivity and resistance to powdery mildew, rust and fusarium. Varieties of winter durum wheat were created: Auriu 273, Gordeyforme 333, 335, 340, Gordeyform 3, Auriu 2, Sofidurum, Leukurum 2,3 and others A characteristic feature of these varieties is good winter hardiness, mediumearly, resistance to diseases and lodging, as well as high technological parameters. They have a large amber-yellow grain containing a high percentage of protein (1315%) and gluten (25-30%). In new intensive varieties (Auriu 2, Sofidurum, Leukurum 2.3 and others), the average yield for 3 years was 3.3 ̶ 6.7 t / ha, which is 0, 1 ̶ 0.6 t / ha more than the standard. Thus, by the methods of interspecific and intraspecific hybridization using the original source material, new varieties of winter Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that most of the varieties we created can be used in crosses as sources and donors of one or more economically valuable features.