The impact of biochemical factors responsible for plant resistance to helmintotic diseas
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Boli ale plantelor. Dăunători și organisme vătămătoare pentru plante. Protejarea plantelor (968)
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IURCU-STRĂISTARU, Elena, TODERASH, Ion, SASANELLI, Nicola, BIVOL, Alexei, RUSU, Ştefan, ANDONI, Cristina. The impact of biochemical factors responsible for plant resistance to helmintotic diseas. In: International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova, Ed. 11, 15-16 iunie 2021, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al Universităţii de Stat din Moldova, 2021, Ediția 11, p. 90. ISBN 978-9975-933-56-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.068
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International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova
Ediția 11, 2021
Congresul "International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova"
11, Chişinău, Moldova, 15-16 iunie 2021

The impact of biochemical factors responsible for plant resistance to helmintotic diseas

DOI: https://doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.068
CZU: 632.938:633/635:581.1

Pag. 90-90

Iurcu-Străistaru Elena1, Toderash Ion1, Sasanelli Nicola2, Bivol Alexei1, Rusu Ştefan1, Andoni Cristina1
 
1 Institute of Zoology,
2 Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection
 
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Disponibil în IBN: 16 iunie 2021


Rezumat

According to extensive studies and proposed classifications, it has been found that cultivated plants synthesize their own chemical compounds such as phytoanticipines and phytoalexins, which protect them against various destructive diseases. These are low molecular weight antimicrobial substances, present in plants in situations of pathological stress, produced by the activity of mechanisms until infection or after incubation, and phytoalexins are exceptional antimicrobial substances, synthesized and accumulated in the plant de novo. (Rubin B. and col., 1988, Ocopnii N. and col., 1999, Zinovieva S. and col., 2012, Sasanelli N. and col., 2016). Phytoanticipins are distinguished by ensuring plant resistance and in parasitic impact with invasive nematode complexes, by the action of phenols, terpenoids, glycosides in situations of parasitic stress in plants. Their amount increases with the invasion of nematodes on plants, characteristic of specific resistance varieties, where are estimated the following key groups: isoprenes, alkaloids, phenols, acetylenes, organic acids, sulfur compounds, glycosides and proteins such as lectins and cystatines, with nematocidal efficiency (Ocopnii N. and col., 1999, Lamberte F. and col., 2005, Zinovieva S., Udalova T., 2006). Phytoalexins were initially obtained in the impact of plants with phytopathogenic fungi, but later it was established that they are forming in situations of helminthic invasions. (Abawi G. si colab., 1971, Ocopnii N. and col., 1988). The presence of these compounds has been established only in some species of culture, belonging to the families: Solonaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, in response to the invasion of parasitic nematodes. Currently, in addition to phytoalexins, have been detected in plants active compounds, with resistance to parasitic nematodes, such as: shock proteins, proteinase inhibitors, oxidative-reducing enzymes. Associatively, we note the contribution of nutritional factors, where plant resistance to nematodes can be determined by the presence of essential free amino-acids, such as lysine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, histidine, tryptophan, which ensure the availability of vital compounds for phytonamates (Ocopnii N. and col., 1981-1987, Sadikin A., 2002, Zinovieva S., 2004). Plant nematodes cannot synthesize these compounds, so they use host plant sterols, an example established in the invasive pathology of the root-knot nematode Meloydogine incognita. This mechanism is a factor that determines the degree of resistance of plants in impact with helminthic invasions. (Ocopnii N. and col., 1978-1999, Zinovieva S., Udalova T., 2006, Molinari S., 2011, Sasanelli N. and col., 2016).