Introduction. The histological ambiguity of the retroperitoneal space is the cause of th e large specter of primitive tumors. Primitive tumors are classified in those with a mesodermal origin, neurogenic, vestigial, retroperitoneal cysts and various tumors. The neurogenic tumors may have different origins: ganglion cell (ganglioneuromas, gangl ioneuroblastomas, neuroblastomas), paraganglionic system (paragangliomas, pheochromocytomas) and nerve sheath (schwannomas, neurofibromas, malignant schwannomas). The neurogenic primitives tumors usually present late symptoms or become palpable once they h ave reached a significant size (>10cm). The medical imaging (USG, CT, IRM) does not distinguish benign and malign tumors, and it does not reveal the histological origin. The biopsy and the histological examination of the removed tumor remain the main diagn ostic methods. Materials and methods. The retrospective study includes 188 cases with primitive retroperitoneal tumors (PRT) from the Gastrology Clinic of IMSP IO Chisinau, between 2005 2017. Results. Neurogenic primitive tumors have been identified in 2 3 cases (12.23%), 9 (39.13%) women and 14 (60.86%) men. The age of the patients ranged from 21 years to 73 years, with the average age being 47.91 years. The histological profile of neurogenic tumors consisted of neurinoma 6 cases, neurosarcoma 6 c ases, paraganglioma 2 cases, ganglioneuroma 2 cases, neuroblastoma 1 case, and neurofibroma 5 cases, schwannoma 1 case. The radical surgical removal of the tumor was possible in 22 cases, in one case the removal of the tumor was impossible due to an invasion of the spine and the abdominal aorta. In 18 cases (78.26%) the tumor was safely removed, in 4 cases (17.39%) a combined operation was performed for the removal of the tumor. The recurrence of pathology occurred in 4 patients (17.39%). Concl usions. The neurogenic retroperitoneal primitive tumors are rare pathologies with nonspecific symptomatology, the diagnosis of certainty being the histopathological and the basic treatment being the surgical one.