Introduction. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a diffuse chronic inflammatory process that can affect any organ or system and is associated with the overproduction of autoantibodies, the most representative of which ar e antinuclear antibodies. Globally, Lupus affects 40 100 people in every 100 000. Lupus strikes mostly women of childbearing age. However, men, children, and teenagers develop lupus, too. Most people with lupus develop the disease between the ages of 15 44 . Aim of the study. The disabling nature of SLE, the absence of curative treatment and the difficulties in diagnosing require the highlighting of the factors that induce or influence SLE activity. Materials and methods. The retrospective study of a group of 30 people who were treated or monitored in the Republican Clinical Hospital in Chisinau in 2017. Results. During the study, were identified the factors to which the patients have been exposed. 37% of patients had long contact with pesticides and other chemical substances, in 7% SLE was drug induced, in 3% SLE was induced by the Epstein Barr virus, in the remaining 54% the cause of the disease has not been identified. After analyzing the distribution of Lupus patients, it was noticed that the districts with the biggest number of patients with Lupus are those districts where the level of soil and air pollution exceeds the limits or the norm. Conclusions. The influence of chemical substances remains the most important factor that induces SLE in the Republ ic of Moldova. SLE presents great difficulty in establishing the diagnosis and the factors that have induced this disease.