Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) refers to rupture of the fetal membranes prior to the onset of labor irrespective of gestation age. PROM represents a serious problem of modern obstetrics. In 25 38% of cases premature birth is preceded by PROM, which contributes to the increase of perinatal morbidity and mortality in 30% of cases. One of the most difficult issues in the management of a pregnancy with PROM is the correlation between the risk infection in the case of prolonged pregnancy an d the risk of prematurity due to delivery. Aim of the study. To assess the risk factors for the onset of premature rupture of the membranes and their relationship to perinatal outcomes, depending on the management. Materials and methods. A retrospective s tudy of 100 clinical cases was conducted. They were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group included 60 cases of preterm births complicated by PROM with a long anhydrous period and the use of expectant management. Control group (II) included 40 cases of PROM with the use of active management. The study was conducted in the Municipal Clinical Hospital Nr.1, Chisinau. The results were processed in SPSS 16 and Microsoft Excel 2010. Results. We identified the risk factors for the development of PROM. The most sig nificant of them were: mother's age 29.36 ± 6.58 years (40%), multipara the presence of 3 or more pregnancies in anamnesis (46.7%), primiparous (63.3%), complicated obstetric (58.3%) and gynecological (13.4%) anamnesis, nonspecific infections of the geni tal tract (65%), extragenital pathology (85.2%). Perinatal outcomes in PROM, depending on the expectant management vs active management, were complicated by perinatal mortality of 1.7% vs 38%, indicating a more favorable course of prolonged pregnancy. Con clusions. Analyzing the results, it was revealed that low level of health in pregnant women and high frequency of obstetrical pathology correlates with unfavorable perinatal outcomes. The recently adopted expectant management in premature labor complicated by PROM, was proven to improve the perinatal outcome.