Introduction. Worldwide, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding of infants in first 6 months of life is about 36.4%. In the Republic of Moldova, this indicator reaches the level of 40% in rural areas and 30% in urban areas. Aim of the study. Evaluation of infant feeding practices in several urban and rural areas. Material and methods. The study included 100 infants: 50 children from Chisinau city and 50 children from rural areas (Hincesti, Ialoveni and Stefan-Voda) between 10 October 2016 and 23 June 2017. Interviewed mothers answered to a questionnaire containing 180 items, including data about the level of education of parents, nutrition during pregnancy and after birth of mothers, infant feeding practices and food diversification.Results. Of the total number of 100 infants, 49% were exclusively breast-fed until the age of 6 months, of which 19% - in urban areas and 30% - in rural areas; 39% were fed with bottle milk, of which 15% - in urban areas and 24% - in rural areas; 12% were fed using mixed feeding, of which all were from urban areas. One of the reasons for formula feeding was the necessity of the mother to return to the work. The majority of mothers had university education (74%). About 79% of children had normal birth weight, 17% had low birth weight and 4% the birth weight was higher than 3500 g. Analysis of answers to questionnaires showed that mothers who have been breastfeeding avoided eating food that may trigger colic in their babies (onion, fat and spicy food, coffee). Amongst all responders 66% started to introduce solid food at 6 months as recommended by the WHO; 12% at the age of 5 months with cereals and 11% at 4 months with fruits (apple, bananas). Some children manifested intolerance to some food, introduced after 6 months. Thus, 10 children from rural areas were fed with cow's milk from the age of 6 months, one infant from a rural area was fed with sheep cheese at the age of 3 months, and 3 children from the urban area were fed with semolina porridge at the age of 7 months. Conclusions. The study revealed exclusive breastfeeding of infants in 49%, which is lower than the level recommended by the WHO. Food diversification shows higher incidence of errors in urban areas, where only 50% of respondents started food diversification correctly. Mothers’ awareness about correct infant nutrition must be raised through education provided by health workers at the primary care level.