The process of awareness of the responsibility towards national cultural heritage and concerns on the protection of cultural goods had a long and difficult evolution. As progress progresses social this idea has been shaped in the history of culture, through the writings of cultured people, in acts normative and jurisprudence, leading to the emergence of the first patrimony protection measures cultural. The purpose of the article is to attempt to clarify the structure, explanatory content and procedure place of the arheological heritage in legislation of Republic of Moldova. In other words, this paper describe the legal framework, archaeological management, the situation of the looting a ntiquities and using metal detectors in the Republic of Moldova which are very actual issues.