The article theoretically substantiates that the risk of a significant distortion of the accounting statements is the main factor that must be taken into account when constructing an enterprise accounting system, accounting for risk management as well as making up an information system for risk-based management of the business entity as a whole. The paper considers and analyzes methodological approaches to risk assessment in accounting. The frequency of the risk assessment of the enterprise accounting system (preventive, current, subsequent assessment) a swell as the form of organization of the accounting chosen by it was determined, which will optimize the processes of organizing and keeping records of business activity and its results, and will also help to identify shortcomings in the accounting system of the business entity and the determining the directions of its improvement. The issue of identifying risks while the organization and keeping records has been investigated, the subjects and objects of the occurrence of risks have been determined, the factors affecting the degree of risk (its reduction or growth) have been identified as well as accounting procedures and organizational measures have been identified in the accounting system in order to manage the risks as well as to minimize the negative impact of their consequences. Methodological approaches to assessing the risks of organizing and keeping records have been improved, which provide qualitative and quantitative assessment. The suggested methodological approaches contribute to reducing the risk of distortion of financial statements as well as information risk in general.