Agriculture had been and remains the only source of food for ever-increasing population, especially in the wake of demographic bursts in poorer countries. Its incidence with the global food crisis is increasing the efforts of all the world’s states in the more accelerated development of agriculture, in order to liquidate the great food gaps and to ensure the living conditions of all the inhabitants of the Earth. The Republic of Moldova has a considerable agricultural sector that ensures a variety of animal and vegetal products characteristic of the area. The level of harvest of crop plants depends of many factors: climatic, pedological, biological, economical, agro-technical, the way that agricultural lands are exploited, etc. However, in the country’s pedo-climatic conditions, the minimal natural factor for high yields is soil moisture (Andrieş, 2009). The productivity of autumn wheat is assessed in dependence of the weather conditions of the agricultural year 2017-2018, the average annual temperature was 12.1 ° C and the annual rainfall amount of 544.6 mm.