The history of climate research on the territory of the Republic of Moldova includes several periods: the preinstrumental period, which coincides with the historical research and the instrumental period which is divided into several stages. The paper presents some issues/ climate research sequences on the territory of the Republic of Moldova since ancient times till today. Here are also presented the main works and researchers, scholars who were interested in the climate of Moldova. The paper also indicates the meteorological stations and the posts in the country, the types and categories of meteorological observations. A brief history of the Hydrometeorological State Service activity of Moldova is also presented in this work.