This study approaches a quite important and at the same time controversial topic – the image of self. There are presented several conceptual perspectives upon the problem under discussion, as well as the factors that contribute to the formation of the image of self. There has been analyzed the way the image of self influences the formation, affirmation and adaptation of personality in the context of different environmental demands. There has been made a distinction between a healthy image of self (sanogene) and an unhealthy image of self (non-sanogene) underlining how they are able to affect the interpersonal relationships of an individual. In addition to this the study focuses on the degree of dependence of the image of self on self-knowledge.