Introduction Fungi are a large group of organisms and are therefore considered a major component of biodiversity. In Europe, there are more than 8.000 species of macromycetes described, but the diversity of this group is much higher because it includes many species of micromycetes and lichenised fungi. Many fungi are sensitive indicators for different substrates or specifi c habitats, representing basic components for the stability of natural ecosystems. Considering these aspects, the fungi need to be taken into consideration regarding the management and nature conservation. Material and methods Methods for collecting, processing and determination of sporiferous bodies and also the required materials are different, depending on the group of fungi. The identifi cation of the selected species was performed using classical macroscopic and microscopic methods according to the literature, and the specimens were lyophilized (UniEquip lyophilizator, UNICRYO MIC 4 L model, Planegg, Germany) or dehydrated (using a dryer, Ezidri Ultra 1000 FD) and then deposited in the Faculty of Biology Herbarium [ I ], “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi, Romania. The nomenclature used in this paper is according to the Species Fungorum database. Results and discussions The taxonomy of fungal species is problematic due to the big diversity and to the large number of species, and it is diffi cult to monitor and preserve them, because most of the species are forming ephemeral fruit-bodies. There are also many gaps in our knowledge concerning their ecology and chorology. Following the results obtained so far, the fungi are part of the European Strategy for Plant Conservation, developed in order to provide a general framework within which take place the process of conservation of plant diversity at global, regional, national or local level. Although signifi cant contributions have been made in this direction, this activity cannot be satisfactory in the long term because it tends to consider the nature of the fungi completely separately from other types of organisms. The specialists in the fi eld of mycology consider that an independent European Red List for the fungal species is required. Conclusions For the selection of threatened or potentially threatened species, it is necessary to know the scope of work, the sources of information that should be consulted and to apply the evaluation criteria globally accepted. Fungal diversity conservation is not an objective itself in Romania but it is part of the general frame programme for the protection of natural habitats.