Antibiotics are known to be natural substances originated from microorganisms, plants, animal tissues or can be artificially synthesized. Of the extremely diverse microbial world, actinobacteria are the number one producers of antibiotics. The largest antibiotic-producing genus in the microbial world discovered so far is the genus Streptomyces. The number of antimicrobial compounds reported from the species of this genus increased each year almost exponentially. Streptomycetes can also synthesize a wide range of other biologically active substances, which stimulate growth and development of plants and animals. Here we report the strains of the genus Streptomyces: Streptomyces spp. 9, 33, and 66, capable to suppress the growth of plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The strains were isolated from soil samples of the central zone of Moldova: 1) The strains 9 and 33 – from low-humic carbonate chernozem (humus, 2.4-2.5%) after cultivation of the maize monoculture grown without fertilizers and pesticides, and 2) the strain 66 – from heavy-loam typical chernozem (humus, 2.6%;). Antimicrobial activity was determined by a disk-diffusion method. The isolated strains were identified in the All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms (VKM). To identify the strains, their 16S rRNA gene fragments were sequenced, the similarity levels with the most closely related type strains of actinomycete species were estimated. Then, the cultural and morphological characteristics of these strains were determined and compared with those of the closest relatives of the target strains. According to the data obtained, strain 33 was preliminary identified as Streptomyces plicatus, while strains 9 and 66 were supposed to represent two novel species within the genus Streptomyces. Strains of Streptomyces sp. 9 and Streptomyces sp. 66 were found to suppress a wider range of plant pathogenic fungi (10-11 strains) as compared with S. plicatus 3 (3 fungal strains). In particular, Streptomyces sp. 9 completely inhibited the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and actively inhibited the growth of the two Fusarium species, F. oxysporum and F. graminearum (diameters of inhibition zones were 34.0 and 28.0-29.0 mm, respectively), as well as Rhizoctonia solani and Thielaviopsis basicola (inhibition zone reached up to 29.0 mm). Strain S. plicatus 33 could suppress Alternaria alternata and F. graminearum. The comparison of antimicrobial activity of the above strains against plant pathogenic bacteria showed that only Streptomyces sp. 9 suppressed the growth of all four test-strains belonging to Clavibacter michiganensis, Xanthomonas campestris, Erwinia carotovora, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens (inhibition zones ranged from 14.0 to 30.0 mm). Streptomyces sp.66 suppressed the growth of the three test-cultures, namely, C. michiganensis (26.0 mm), A. tumefaciens (18.0 mm), and E. carotovora (18.0 mm), while S. plicatus 33 was active only against C. michiganensis (23.0 mm) and X. campestris (11.0 mm). Thus, the new strain Streptomyces sp. 9, can be considered as a potential producer of antimicrobial compounds used against widely spread in Moldova phytopathogens.