The interest of researchers in the cytokine system is explained by the key role of these molecules in the development of pathological processes. They perform the function of mediators, messengers of intercellular interactions; regulate the intensity and the type of immune response. Objective of our research was to study the dynamics of pro-inflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis under the influence of immunomodulators. Material and methods. The study included 57 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with anti-TB drugs sensitivity. The first group (38 patients) received adaptogen BioR simultaneously with antituberculosis drugs. The second group consisted of 19 patients who, for various reasons, received only anti-tuberculosis treatment. The content of IL-2 and IL-4 were examined by solid-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-ELISA using reagents from ООО “Вектор–БЕСТ” (Russia). Discussion. The content of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-2 before the start of treatment was significantly higher than in the healthy patients in both groups of patients (p <0.001). In dynamics, the content of IL-2 significantly decreased both in the first (p <0.001), and in the second group (p<0.01), but in the second group this change was less pronounced. This is confirmed by the fact that the content of IL-2 in the second group after the treatment was significantly higher than in the first group (p<0.01). In the both groups of patients on admission there was approximately the same content of pro-inflammatory cytokines (without significant difference). In the dynamics of patients of the first group (where patients received BioR), a positive decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines was noted, in the second group (where patients took only anti-tuberculosis treatment), only the tendency to decrease was noted. Such slow dynamics of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2 in the second group can lead to the chronic inflammation. The content of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 before the start of the treatment was approximately at the same level as in healthy and without significant differences (Table 1) in the both group of patients. In dynamics, IL-4 content significantly increased both in the first (p <0.001), and in the second group (p <0.01), but in the second group this change was less pronounced. This is confirmed by the fact that the content of IL-4 in the second group after treatment was significantly higher than in the first group (p <0.01). Conclusion. Thus, the use of the adaptogen BioR in combination with anti-tuberculosis treatment improves the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and increases the patient’s ability to adapt. In the group of patients who took only anti-tuberculosis treatment, on the contrary, the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines become unfavourable and the ability to adapt decreases.