The current period is marked by global warming caused primarily by human activities, which makes the society to face two major challenges: on the one hand, the need for drastic reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in order to stabilize the their concentration in the atmosphere to prevent anthropogenic influence on the climate system and to allow the natural adaptation of natural ecosystems, and on the other hand the need to adapt to the effects of climate change, taking into account that these effects are already visible and inevitable due to inertia of the climate system, irrespective of the outcome of the emission reduction actions. In this context, we mention the necessity and importance of carrying out regional research, with the aim of highlighting the specific features of the manifestation to climate and the effects of climate change.