In this article, the author raises for discussion the legitimacy and rationality of the registering of the 70th anniversary of the Academy Sciences’ founding. In this context, it is proved that the first academic institutions were those studying history, language and literature. From the ideological point of view, they were controlled and directed by the Soviet Party body, on a mission to prove the existence of a history, of a language, of a literature and of a Moldovan people distinctive in comparison with the history, the language, the literature and the Romanian nation. All studies elaborated at the Institute of History, Language and Literature, in disagreement with the official policy and ideology, were realized by courageous scholars, with a strong national dignity, who assumed the risk despite the official policy and ideology.