The article approaches some theoretical and methodological aspects of political modernization as a process, as well as some actual issues related to the need for resetting the entire political system in Moldova. The author demonstrates that the civil society can become an important actor of political modernization in Moldova if it involves in an active participation in the country’s political live, during decision-making at national and local levels. As well, this result can be achieved in case the nonprofit sector will undertake the diversification of its activities at different levels of self-organization (local forums, district, regional, national and international). The article concludes that democratic political system established in Moldova should improve in order to adapt itself to national social, political and economic changes and due to threats that society as a whole confronts, to ensure the perpetuation of a direct relationship between political and social environment, and an active participation of citizens in political life.