Language is created by man depending on his specific way of seeing the world. However, the language gives to the man a certain picture of the world, thus orienting his cognition process. The present article proposes two ways of setting up this picture, based on two comple-mentary relations: man - language - reality (world) and man - reality (world) - language. Those relations are recognized in the words and the configuration of semantic fields, in the possibility of ombining the units in the act of speech, in the expressive marked words, phraseological units as well as in the associative relations between words that speakers do.