В статье представлены результаты изучения коллекции мутантных форм томата (105 форм), через фенотипическую выраженность маркерных признаков на разных стадиях онтогенеза при выращивании растений в условиях Молдовы. Показано высокое разнообразие и разнокачественность мутантных форм по характеру проявления морфобиологических и хозяйственно-ценных признаков. Проведена дифференциация и систематизация мутантов по степени выраженности маркерных признаков в конкретных условиях среды, а также идентификация доноров устойчивости к абиотическим стрессорам (жара, холод, засуха), что позволит целенаправленно использовать их при решении многих вопросов частной генетики и задач практической селекции томата.

În articol sunt expuse rezultatele evaluării colecţiei formelor mutante de tomate (105 genotipuri) în baza manifestării fenotipice a caracterelor marker la diferite faze ale ontogenezei. S-a evidenţiat o diversitate înaltă şi eterogenitate a formelor mutante după specificul manifestării caracterelor morfo-biologice şi agronomice. A fost efectuată diferenţierea şi sistematizarea mutantelor după gradul de expresivitate a caracterelor marker în condiţiile concrete ale mediului, precum şi identifi carea donatorilor de rezistenţă la stresurile abiotice (arșiță, frig, secetă), cea ce va permite de a le utiliza direcţionat la soluţionarea multor probleme de genetică specială şi ameliorare practică a tomatelor.

his article presents the results of investigation of collection of tomato mutant forms (105 genotypes) assessed by the intensity of phenotypic manifestation of marker traits at different stages of ontogenesis in the course of plant growing in the conditions of the Republic of Moldova. High diversity and various qualities of mutant forms were revealed with regard to the pattern of manifestation of morphobiological and agronomic traits. Differentiation and systematization of mutants were performed according to the intensity of manifestation of marker traits under the specific environmental conditions. The donors were identified according to their resistance to abiotic stresses (heat, cold, drought) thus allowing to use them purposefully for addressing many issues of particular genetics and tasks of practical tomato breeding.