In the present article it is mentioned that social work is a complex phenomenon which is presented in more ways: as a social activity, as a profession, as a science etc. The author refers to the social work dimensions that present it as a science, due to the fact that till nowadays there are disputed discussions regarding this question. It is proved that social work is not just a practical activity of help, but and a science, a ensemble of knowledge about the laws and principles of the functioning, development and conducting of the concrete social processes and of the individual’s condition in difficult life conditions, about personality’s rights and liberties protection through concrete action on the social environment in which it exists. Then the author analyzes the structural components of a social work as science: the research object, the research subject, the nations and categories system that is operated with in social work, the social work laws and principles, the interaction between theory and practice, their typical of manifestation in social work in comparison to others social sciences. In conclusion it is mentioned that social work as science has a multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary identity.