This article made, based on archival documents, a brief description of the history of the building on A. Mateevici Street no. 111, registered in the Register of state-protected monuments with no. 204. The building was being built between 1903 and 1905 as an orphanage for the children of Bessarabian nobles, but its destination was quite often changed during the 20th century. Today, the building is used by the Academy of Music, Theater and Fine Arts in Chisinau. In the second part of the study, the archaeological survey of the underground gallery of the building done in 2019 is analysed. The comparison of field research results with archival documents allowed us to establish the belonging of this gallery to the building’s ventilation system. Due to the construc tion waste, it was not possible to study the under ground network thoroughly. Unfortunately, we found only general plans for the building project, without details on the underground networks. However, it is clear from some documents on the arrangement of the ventilation system that these underground galleries come from the ventilation network.