Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to fair and favorable conditions of work. Employees have the right to labor protection regarding work safety and hygiene, work regime, weekly rest, work performance in difficult conditions, etc. However, all these provisions are not just simple statements and declarations, but are found in the content of several legal norms, because accidents at work affect the business environment and society as a whole, manifested by affecting the health or loss of life and causing suffering to employees and their family members. For these reasons, labor protection is ensured by a wide range of normative acts, and the legal institution that ensures it is a complex one, because the legal liability for violating the labor rights of citizens is provided for in the content of several branches of law. In the same vein, we draw attention to the fact that the science of forensics also contributes, in turn, to a certain extent, to the protection of employees' rights and interests, providing law enforcement bodies with specific techniques and methodologies for investigating crimes that threaten the labor rights of citizens, especially now, when the changes that mark the technological processes of creating the social product exert a significant impact on the applicability of human labor.