Background And Aims: Ischemic stroke in young adults is a rising health problem with multiple risk factors. Data suggest sex (biologic, genetic) and gender (roles, behavior) differences in risk factors to ischemic stroke. The aim of the study was to establish the differences in risk factors in young stroke adults in the cohort of Moldovan patients. Methods: Retrospective medical records evaluation of 1687 patients with ischemic stroke from January 2018 till December 2019 was performed and 59 patients aged 50 and less were included.Was analyzed the risk factors profile, clinical presentation, neuroimaging and comorbidities stratified by sex. Results: The study cohort consists of 38 men and 18 women. The mens group was younger (mean age 44.2
4.7 vs 40.17
9.43, p¼0.032). Men’s are more often married (76.7% vs. 23.3%, p<0.001, t¼4.32) and women single (2.9% vs. 28.6%, p<0.05, t¼2.27). In the clinical presentation men presented with speech impairment (44.7% vs. 16.7%, p<0.05, t¼2.31). Women presented more often vertebral artery hypoplasia (23.3% vs. 63.6%, p<0.001, t¼2.97). There are no differences between men and women in the cerebral territory affected, clinical presentation, neuroimaging, and anterior treatment. The risk factor profile is presented in table 1.Conclusions: Moldovan cohort of young adults with ischemic stroke presents the sex and gender differences in risk factor profile. Women presented more sex (biologic, genetic) risk factors: diabetes mellitus and familial history of cardiovascular events. Men presented more gender differences (habits, behavior) in risk factors profile: alcohol consumptions, smoking. These indicate that prophylactics should be addressed using sex and gender perspectives. Trial Registration Number: Not applicable