In this article, the author explains the special role of the ethnologist Petre V. Ștefănucă in creating national folkloric archive. Petre V. Ștefănucă is an illustrious personality of the cultural life in Bessarabia from the first half of the XX century, who asserted himself through his program to substantiate a historiography of the traditional culture in Romanian. Preservation and promotion of the intangible cultural heritage has its roots in the interwar period, by the prodigious activity of the Romanian Social Institute in Basarabia, led by Professor Petre Ștefănucă – disciple of Romanian Sociological School of Academician Dimitrie Gusti, who organized monographic research in ethnographic areas: Valea Nistrului de Jos, Câmpia Sorocii, Zona Codrilor and valuable materials published in the prestigious journal “Anuarul Arhivei de Folclor”.