Free exchange of goods and services in new economic conditions, which is intended to meet growing consumer demands in qualitative products and services, had provoked enormous amount of new products appeared at the foodstuff market of Moldova. Considerable part both of domestic and imported food products is of low quality or is revealed as falsified presenting a danger both to population health and life and environment. Vegetable oils, as well as oils of animal origin are food products, which are falsified quite frequently through partial replacement of expensive components by cheaper ones in order to obtain some hidden income. In the case of vegetable oils, sample representatives were selected from diverse sources of industrial products and results of studies of their basic indices were disclosed. Method of determination of the relationship between mass fraction of individual fat acids and their total quantity permits to reveal falsifications with high degree of probability. The case of the identification of milk products is somewhat different. In many countries, following products are produced in industrial proportions: milk products, combined milk products and substitutes of milk products, thus allowing considerable variations in falsifications. In this case, an increased number of indices is proposed for examination of possibly falsified products and deviation intervals of these indices for the butter from cow milk are shown on examples. Presence of phytosterols in products, where fats of animal origin are replaced by vegetable ones, serves as the most reliable indicator.