Precocity and productivity of the tomato forms carrying the β (carotene) and r (yellow flesh) genes
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2021-11-05 13:39
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635.64:631.522/523 (1)
Овощеводство и декоративное садоводство (694)
Сельское хозяйство в целом (3073)
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MIHNEA, Nadejda. Precocity and productivity of the tomato forms carrying the β (carotene) and r (yellow flesh) genes. In: International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova, Ed. 11, 15-16 iunie 2021, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al Universităţii de Stat din Moldova, 2021, Ediția 11, p. 104. ISBN 978-9975-933-56-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.082
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International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova
Ediția 11, 2021
Congresul "International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova"
11, Chişinău, Moldova, 15-16 iunie 2021

Precocity and productivity of the tomato forms carrying the β (carotene) and r (yellow flesh) genes

DOI: https://doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.082
CZU: 635.64:631.522/523

Pag. 104-104

Mihnea Nadejda
 
Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection
 
Proiecte:
 
Disponibil în IBN: 17 iunie 2021


Rezumat

For the efficient use of the tomato gene pool by both researchers and producers, it is necessary to create a special collection of tomatoes with identified genes. Within each collection, it is necessary to select genotypes with the most valuable for the selective improvement of the species genes. The forms containing the genes β (carotene) and r (yellow flesh), which play an important role in the diet of allergenic people, especially children, are of particular importance for improving red tomatoes. The aim of our research was to evaluate the collection of tomatoes carrying β (carotene) and r (yellow flesh) genes based on precocity and productivity and selecting the most valuable forms for further improvement. 22 genotypes of tomatoes were used as research material. 15 of all analyzed forms have the β (carotene) gene and 7 forms carry the r (yellow flesh) gene. As a result of evaluating the forms of tomatoes by precocity, a rather high variability of the growing season and interphase periods was revealed depending on both the genotype and climatic conditions. Variability of the interphase period from mass appearance of seedlings to the beginning of flowering was within the ranges of 63-78 days. It was showen that climatic conditions significantly influenced the first interphase period. This is due to low temperatures and cold nights in the spring of 2020, which led to a later flowering of some forms. The varieties Golden Jubilee, local form (Timisoara), Chihlimbar, Mia, De-barao yellow showed a later flowering. Ranges of the second interphase period were within 39-64 days. A shorter period was registered in the genotypes Dolgonosic, Mia, Gold Nugget, Luci. One of the main directions in breeding is development of varieties with a high producing capacity. The biological producing potential of tomato is in a close correlation with the environment. The number of fruits per plant in the studied group varied within 828. More than 20 fruits were registered in the varieties Rufina, Dolgonisic, local form (Moldova), Flacara. The productivity per plant was 0.186 kg… 0.91 kg. The productivity of the studied forms was rather low, because soil-climatic conditions of the year were quite harsh for the cultivation of tomatoes without irrigation. The varieties Rufina, Rosinca and Chihlimbar, have shown a high productivity and are of interest as initial material in breeding programs.