The key competencies represent directions for the development of 21st century education that have influenced and shaped the evolution of the entire educational process for a successful activity in contemporary society. The documents examined put the need for training the competence to learn to learn which has the widest degree of applicability required in lifelong learning. The European Reference Framework 2018 includes certain reformulations in the list of key competences, so the competence to learn to learn has been reformulated in the Personal, social and learning to learn competence. This key competence integrates the competence to learn to learn, as described in the 2006 Recommendation, with a broader scope of personal and social development. The findings guide us to new perspectives for the development of the learning process in general education in a transdisciplinary context.