Răspunderea civilă prin prisma reglementărilor legislației naţionale şi a statelor Uniunii Europene
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CHIRTOACĂ, Leonid. Răspunderea civilă prin prisma reglementărilor legislației naţionale şi a statelor Uniunii Europene. In: Dezvoltarea cadrului juridic al Republicii Moldova în contextul necesităţilor de securitate şi asigurarea a parcursului european, 22 ianuarie 2018, Chişinău. Chişinău: Institutul de Cercetări Juridice, Politice și Sociologice, 2018, Partea 1, pp. 395-429. ISBN 978-9975-3298-2-8.
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Dezvoltarea cadrului juridic al Republicii Moldova în contextul necesităţilor de securitate şi asigurarea a parcursului european
Partea 1, 2018
Conferința "Dezvoltarea cadrului juridic al Republicii Moldova în contextul necesităţilor de securitate şi asigurarea a parcursului european"
Chişinău, Moldova, 22 ianuarie 2018

Răspunderea civilă prin prisma reglementărilor legislației naţionale şi a statelor Uniunii Europene

Civil liability in the light of national regulations and the legislation of the member states of the European Union

CZU: 347.4/.5(478)+341.217(4)UE

Pag. 395-429

Chirtoacă Leonid
 
Institutul de Cercetări Juridice, Politice și Sociologice
 
Disponibil în IBN: 27 ianuarie 2021


Rezumat

Civil liability is a component part of legal responsibility, aims to influence people’s conscience, educate them in the spirit of law enforcement in society, and prevent the committing of antisocial deeds. The main functions of civil liability are the reparatory and educational-preventive function. The legislation of the Republic of Moldova and of the European Union states, besides the responsibility for its own deed, has also established the responsibility for another’s deed, also called unresponsive liability - objective civil liability, if this form of responsibility will be strictly provided for by law. The legislator does not rely on the terrible civil liability for damages, but the negative result, that is, the damage caused as a result of this act. The civil liability institution underwent profound transformations because of the economic development of society and the implementation of technical and scientific conquests. At European level, the Draft Common Frame of Reference of the European Union, published in 2008, has been developed by the academic community, which in the Fourth Handbook deals with aspects of civil liability. In this project, the authors propose to maintain the general provisions on tort liability based on fault. However, it must be noted that the basis of civil liability based on fault culminates gradually increasing the tendency to objectification of responsibility because according to the objective theory, the victim of the illicit degrading act is better protected. By the way, the risk of impossibility to incur liability because of the lack of the responsible person or failure to fault is avoided. At the moment, we are witnessing the distortion of the classic concept of civil liability, responsibility which is left not only by fault but also by the sanction character being oriented towards the repatriating character with a prospective view of the prevention of major risks that may endanger the existence of the planet.