The structure of sown areas and productivity indicators of leading agricultural crops in the Khmelnitsky region of Ukraine for 2000-2019, as well as dynamics graphs and trend equations of land productivity indicators for the indicated period are presented. The calculations of indicators of the stability of the productivity of the main crops that have developed over the past 20 years have been performed. A methodology for assessing changes in indicators over the study period in absolute and relative measurements is presented. It is shown economic essence of land potential in agriculture; the methodology for its determination in the production of various crops is presented. The expediency of using an indicator of the level of realization of their potential, which comprehensively reflects the achieved value of land use productivity and possible reserves while increasing agricultural production, was emphasized. In carrying out this study, general scientific and special methods were used, namely, abstract-logical - to justify the methodology for calculating potential indicators of crop productivity, the graphical method - to identify trends in crop yields of cultivated crops. The above analysis of land productivity indicators in the studied region could be useful both for university students and agricultural enterprises not only in the Khmelnitsky region, but also located in other regions, using the proposed methodology to justify potential indicators of yield growth reserves and assess yield dynamics by every culture.