Analysis of the features of the rhythmic system in the works of William Shakespeare
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Художественная литература на английском языке (116)
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BURSEVICH, Irina. Analysis of the features of the rhythmic system in the works of William Shakespeare. In: Sesiune națională cu participare internațională de comunicări științifice studențești, Ed. 24, 15 februarie 2020, Chișinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM, 2020, Ediția 24, Vol.2, pp. 123-126. ISBN 978-9975-142-89-2.
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Sesiune națională cu participare internațională de comunicări științifice studențești
Ediția 24, Vol.2, 2020
Sesiunea "Sesiune naţională de comunicări ştiinţifice studenţeşti"
24, Chișinău, Moldova, 15 februarie 2020

Analysis of the features of the rhythmic system in the works of William Shakespeare

CZU: 821.111.09

Pag. 123-126

Bursevich Irina
 
Moldova State University
 
Disponibil în IBN: 8 mai 2020


Rezumat

Language is one of the author's most important tools for creating certain pictures in the readers' mind. It has an organization and a wide range of techniques and features. In addition to the graphical means of reflection of ideas, emotions and atmosphere can be re-created by the sound matter of poetry and prose. It should be motivated by the fact that any reader will be able to feel and understand the value of literature and think of the music of language and of the language pieces as music.Rhythm keeps a poem moving along. It can also help making poetry pace slower or faster as an actual pulse or create a sense of groove. Thus, the relevance of this study is based on the assumption that a linguist can discover a certain psychology and behavioral line of literary characters in an analyzed work of literary art through a proper phonetic analysis of its text. The purpose of the study is to prove that universal rhyth­mic means can recreate certain shades of character's behavior in poetry.Despite the discernibleness under complex analysis, we mostly use rhythms unconsciously. A mother’s heartbeat may be the first rhythm most of us hear. This pattern often described as an unstressed (short) sound followed by a stressed or longer one (di-dum or short-long) is also one of the most fundamental and international – the iambic meter. The iambic pentameter (five "feet") forms the building blocks of Shakespeare: «Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May» (Sonnet XVIII). It is important to mention that any literary rhythm originates from nature. In an attempt to repeat certain repetition of sounds and pauses, a person creates a certain accompaniment to his work. The phenomenon of the use of simple templates can create an atmosphere, the mood of cha­rac­ters.Poetry including different tools appears as a guide on the way to the knowledge of meaning, the peculiarity of which can be expressed due to the lack of information, in a certain detachment from any practical needs. Different sounds can cause a number of different emo­tions, as the sounds tend to recreate certain images, individual for each person. Thus, combinations of sounds can have an emotional impact on a person in reading process [1].The main elements of the poetic rhythm are the meaningful rhythm and rhythm of the language. The rhythm of content refers to the meaning, statement, subtext, narration, theme, tone and symbolism, as well as the contextual meaning of the poem in its widest sense – per­sonal, social and historical. The rhythm of the content is the focus of general literary criticism, biographical analysis and cultural cri­ti­cism. The rhythm of the language is associated with the specificity of poetic language in sound, visual representation, structure and is emphasized by careful reading, prosodic and formal research.Another important component of the poem is rhyme – it is a form of rhythm, which also includes alliteration, consonance, assonance, and various types of oblique rhymes. The simplest phonetic scheme is the rhyme "Shakespeare's Sonnet" – ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. Let us consider the following example: "Not / with x a x bang / 'but x a x whi / mper x" – strong emphasis is a more powerful rhythm, pos­ses­sing the characteristics of songs or chants, and almost always rhymed. This “power” makes it less flexible, and the accentually syllabic five-foot iamb is closer to everyday speech with a wider range of complex shades [2].As a rule, Shakespear's poem is written in the form of lines of ten syllables, consisting of 5 pairs with the pattern "unstressed-stressed syl­lable". Thus, the rhyme sounds like: "ba- BUM / ba- BUM / ba- BUM / ba- BUM / ba- BUM". Most of the famous lines of Shake­spea­­re fall into this rhythm. Let us exemplify it with the first line of “The Twelfth Night”: "If mu- / -sic be / the food / of love, / play on". Ano­ther example could be a line from "Romeo and Juliet": "But, soft! / What light / through yon / der win / dow breaks?" [3]. Sometimes author adds an extra unstressed syllable at the end of the line to em­pha­sizing the character’s mood. This technique is called "female end". This technique can be mentioned concerning Hamlet's famous ques­tion: "To be, / or not / to be: / that is / the ques- / -tion" as an ins­tan­ce of that. Moreover the author puts two percussion words in the same iamb, this phenomenon is demonstrated by the following quote from "Richard III": "Now is / the win- / -ter of / our dis- / content" — the fourth iamb emphasizes that it is "our discontent", and the first iamb emphasizes that we feel it "now".In conclusion, the study of iambic pentameter gives us the oppor­tu­ni­ty to see the inner specificity Shakespeare's works and assess him as a master, who is able to evoke a whole variety of emotions and atti­tu­des from dramatic to humorous using the rhyme. As a result of this stu­dy, it can be argued that William Shakespeare using poetic dis­cour­se emphasizes the sublimity of speech and reveals the psychology of cha­racters.