Cultural heritage is not only a source for business, but also a fundamental condition for maintaining and developing a country’s society and economy. According to the document from Pavia, the preservation and promotion of movable and immovable cultural heritage should be the basis of any European cultural policy. Education and research in the field of cultural heritage protection has made progress in recent years, but even at European level the financial and human resources within the protection and research of cultural heritage are very limited. Conservation and restoration must be based on the highest level of research if we consider their complex interdisciplinary nature (art history, natural sciences, etc.). Non-invasive or micro-invasive scientific investigations (OM, SEM; FTiR, XRF, HPLC, uV-ViS, iRR, CT, etc.) used to diagnose assets in the fields of movable cultural heritage, real estate and archeology may be essential to restore society’s values. and for scientific assessments in closer convergence by establishing their authenticity and historical, artistic and scientific value. Establishing the authenticity of cultural assets defines their status in a collection and the strategies of conservation, restoration, exhibition and storage. in addition to the material authenticity, it is necessary to know the terms “authenticity of the idea, retaining the message and function” to express the value and significance of the preserved heritage. Culture and cultural heritage include nature, buildings, works of art and archaeological artifacts, and the strategy for conservation decision-making must be established by experts and must be optimal.