Reflections of the Bauhaus movement in the architecture of Horia Creangă
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2024-02-05 21:25
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72.03(498)(092) (2)
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NEMȚEANU, Ruxandra. Reflections of the Bauhaus movement in the architecture of Horia Creangă. In: Patrimoniul cultural de ieri – implicații in dezvoltarea societatii durabile de maine: dedicată zilelor europene ale patrimoniului, Ed. 1, 23-24 septembrie 2019, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Biblioteca Naţională a Republicii Moldova, 2019, Ediția 1, pp. 86-87. ISBN 978-9975-3290-4-0.
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Patrimoniul cultural de ieri – implicații in dezvoltarea societatii durabile de maine
Ediția 1, 2019
Conferința "Patrimoniul cultural de ieri – implicații în dezvoltarea societății durabile de mâine"
1, Chişinău, Moldova, 23-24 septembrie 2019

Reflections of the Bauhaus movement in the architecture of Horia Creangă

CZU: 72.03(498)(092)

Pag. 86-87

Nemțeanu Ruxandra
 
Spiru Haret University, Bucharest
 
Disponibil în IBN: 27 februarie 2020


Rezumat

in 2019 the entire world celebrates the centenary of the Bauhaus School and, by extension, of avant-garde architecture. it determined a very power full style in architecture, but also in plastic arts, design, furniture and interior decorations of the 20th century. This artistic movement was generated by the German architect and educator Walter Gropius in the German city of Weimer, in 1919, reaching its peak in the period 1919–1933, in three German cities: Weimer, Dessau and Berlin. The political ban of the movement in 1933 did not stop its evolution and spread in modern architecture, becoming known as the international Style. The Bauhaus buildings in Weimar were listed in 1996 on the uNESCO list of World Cultural Heritage. The influence of the Bauhaus School on modern international architecture was also visible in inter-war Romania, leading to the propagation of the style, especially in Bucharest, but also in Brașov, Cernăuți, Chișinau. Architect Horia Creangă (1892–1943), the nephew of the writer ion Creangă, is the author of some emblematic buildings, such as the building block «Patria» (former «Aro»), the buildings of the Malaxa Plant (later «23 August» and «Faur»), the hotel «Aro» from Brașov, Obor Commercial Hall, the Cultural Palace from Cernăuți, as well as many villas and apartments buildings of reference. Designing the headquarters of the «Romanian insurance» company, ARO- Patria building in Bucharest, bd. Gh. Magheru no. 12-14, constituted a turning point in the career of Horia Creangă and marked the beginning of the massive launch and propagation of modern architecture in Romania. The project, elaborated after winning a competition in 1929, is put into operation after two years of studies, starting in 1931. The architect combines the bodies adjacent to the two streets to which he was aligned, with different heights, with horizontal registers interrupted by a volume high vertical, which monumentally marks the corner of the streets. The function includes shops on the ground floor, service houses and offices on the floors. Later, in the years 1934–1935, the ensemble was completed in the inner courtyard with a cinema hall of about 1200 seats and a basement bar. The ARO block remains the object that gives birth to modern architecture in Romania, which is why it should be consolidated and restored, being in great danger in case of an earthquake.