During the years 1929-1931, the researcher Constantin N. Tomescu published 3 consistent studies on all the villages of Orhei county, with reference to the statistics from 1820. This statistic contains various valuable information of historical, ethno-demographic, social, economic nature about all the localities of this land, except for the city of Chisinau. In this study, this valuable statistic was analyzed and the ethnic structure of the population was established, at the level of villages, districts and as a whole, for the entire Orhei region. In 1820, Orhei land comprised 358 localities (5 fairs, 285 villages, 24 free settlements, 18 slums, 10 estates, 6 hermitages, 6 post offices, 3 mills and a haul). According to our calculations, in 1820, the localities in Orhei land were populated by 102,884 people, including 58,506 men and only 44,378 women. 87,699 (85.2%) Moldovans, 7,959 (7.7%) Ukrainians, 2,843 (2.8%) Gypsies, 2,530 (2.5%) Jews, 280 Russians and 80 Lipovans, 306 Armenians, 233 Serbs, 159 Greeks, 92 Bulgarians, 85 Poles, but also 618 persons of other social categories, for which ethnicity was not indicated, lived at that time in Orhei Land. However, the data for women for 131 localities in 5 districts are incomplete, as only married women are mentioned. In fact, in 1820, the total population of Orhei land was approx. 111,900 people (58,506 men and 53,394 women). According to the ethnic structure, approx. 95,000 (84.9%) were Moldovans, approx. 9,000 (8%) – Ukrainians, approx. 3,000 (2.7%) – Gypsies, approx. 2,750 (2.5%) – Jews, the rest being from other ethnic groups (about 320 Russians with about 90 Lipovans, about 310 Armenians, about 290 Serbs, about 200 Greeks, about 130 Bulgarians, about 100 Poles) or social categories (about 710 people). Together with the city of Chisinau, which in 1818 had 10,966 inhabitants, Orhei land was inhabited at that time by approx. 122,870 people, of which approx. 80% Moldovans, 7.3% Ukrainians, 4.8% Jews, 2.7% Gypsies, 2.1% Bulgarians, 1% Russians with Lipovens, 0.5% Armenians, 0.4% Serbs, 0.3 % Greek etc.