The description of the heat regime and distribution of air temperature in the republic can be performed using several climatic parameters resulting from the analysis and statistical calculation of data rows: sums, averages, extreme values, the duration of intervals with characteristic values, frequencies, probabilities, etc. The maximum air temperature over the period of observations recorded values of +40, +42°C (1946, 1998, 2002, 2007, 2012), and the minimum – values of about -33..- 36°C (1963). However, such temperatures are rare, being recorded in average once in 40-50 years. The annual average amplitude of the air temperature is about 25°С, and the absolute annual temperatures - 74°С. The highest air temperature recorded in July in all period of instrumental measurements is + 41,5ºC (Camenca, July 21, 2007). On August 7, 2012 at Falesti it was first time when a temperature of 42,4ºC (absolute maximum for the whole period of observations) was recorded in Moldova. The strongest massive warmings in the last 100 years occurred in the years: 1924, 1938, 1946, 1951, 1954, 1988, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015. During this period of time there were more than 400 cases with t ≥ 35.0°C. Very high temperatures of the past 25 years, according to findings of specialists are an apparent response to the regional climate changes, and primarily due to process of regional climate warming and aridity.