Drought in the Republic of Moldova is one of the most dangerous natural phenomena, representing the specific feature of the regional climate conditioned by the uneven distribution of atmospheric precipitates in the context of increased air temperature in time and space. On the territory of the republic in the spring season prevails vast and catastrophic droughts, in the summer more frequent being the extreme droughts and in the autumn a high frequency having the catastrophic droughts. Thus, droughts in 1994, 2007, 2011, 2012 and 2015 were rated as the most powerful in terms of the intensity and the area occupied. The consequences of drought are determined by the degree of intensity, duration as well as by the affected area. The catastrophic drought of 2007 was the most severe drought for the entire period of instrumental measurements. After major agro-meteorological clues this drought exceeded even the drought in 1946, damaging the national economy in amount over 1 billion US dollars. The direct impact of the drought of 2012 is 1.0-1.5 billion, and the drought in the summer of 2015 brought a loss of over 3 billion lei referring to only cereal crops of group I and II. The more frequent and intensive droughts in the last 25 years, according to findings specialists, are visible response to the regional climate changes, and primarily due to the process of regional climate warming and aridity.