RGA markers to study of the genetic diversity of some tomato genotypes in Moldova
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2022-09-13 16:55
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BIVOL, Ina, SÎROMEATNICOV, Iulia, MIHNEA, Nadejda. RGA markers to study of the genetic diversity of some tomato genotypes in Moldova. In: Life sciences in the dialogue of generations: connections between universities, academia and business community, Ed. 1, 21-22 octombrie 2019, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Tipogr. "Biotehdesign", 2019, pp. 15-16.
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Life sciences in the dialogue of generations: connections between universities, academia and business community 2019
Conferința "Life sciences in the dialogue of generations: connections between universities, academia and business community"
1, Chişinău, Moldova, 21-22 octombrie 2019

RGA markers to study of the genetic diversity of some tomato genotypes in Moldova


Pag. 15-16

Bivol Ina, Sîromeatnicov Iulia, Mihnea Nadejda
 
Institutul de Genetică, Fiziologie şi Protecţie a Plantelor
 
Disponibil în IBN: 8 decembrie 2019


Rezumat

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is not only a model plant species for the different scientific investigations, but also it is one of the most important vegetable crops of global importance for human food. Tomato breeding projects are aimed to solve problems with disease resistance, fruit abscission and size, soluble solids, texture, flavor, pigmentation and long-term storage ability. The tomato crop is susceptible to over 200 diseases caused by pathogenic fungi, viruses, bacteria and nematodes. The increased knowledge on the genetic diversity and understanding how plants resist the assaults from potential pathogenic agents by their innate immunity system is decisive for developing a sustainable agriculture. Significant achievements were attained in development of molecular markers linked to disease resistance and an understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which plants recognize the invading pathogenic agents and activate appropriate defense programs. Resistance gene analogs (RGAs) to different pathogens cloned from a variety of plant species are large class of potential R-genes that have conserved domains structural similarity and the encoded proteins with several features in common. These findings suggest that plants may have evolved common signal transduction mechanisms for the expression of resistance to a wide range of unrelated pathogens. Thereby, RGA technique offers some advantages in development of the effective breeding programs for plants disease resistance. The research objectives were to assess the genetic diversity and examine relationships among the studied Moldavian tomatoes genotypes based on several conserved domains of RGAs. 26 tomato genotypes were obtained from the collection of the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection.  Six pairs of RGA primers based on conserved leucine-rich repeats (NLRR for/rev for N gene conferring resistance to TMV, CLRR for/rev - Cf-9 gene resistance to Cladosporium fulvum, XLRR for/rev - Xa21 gene resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv oryzae, RLRR for/rev - RPS2 gene resistance to Pseudomonas syringae) and serine/threonine protein kinases domains (Ptokin1/2 and Ptokin3/4 resistance to bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato) of several resistance genes were used. According to the results of RGA-markers it was found that the studied genotypes are quite heterogeneous. It was discovered that 5 RGA primers generated 64 specific and 38 polymorphic fragments among tomato accessions. RGA-analysis has revealed in most cases 135 amplicons corresponding to candidate resistance genes (except for RLRR for/rev primer, which did not yield any amplicon). The molecular size of RGA amplified fragments ranged from 216 to 2460 bp. The primers CLRR for/rev and XLRR for/rev produced the highest level of polymorphism (100 and 66.66%, respectively), while the level of polymorphism by means of primers Ptokin1/2, NLRR for/rev and XLRR for/rev was 22.86, 33.33 and 44.44%, respectively. Using Euclidean distance following Nearest Neighbor method, the 26 tomato genotypes were grouped into two distinct clusters. Cluster I is formed of hibrid (Prizior x (L. hirsutum Dunal x Prizior) and cultivars Ballada, Prizior, Fakel, Milenium, Caterina, Tomiş, Rozovii gigant, moreover, Prizior, Fakel and Milenium showed a high degree of similarity. The largest cluster II contained five separate subclusters: the members of subcluster 1 were cultivars Prestij, Mihaela, Anatolie, Cerry Dani, Jacota; subcluster 2 consisted of genotypes Mary Gratefully, Jubiliar, Iulihirsutian; subcluster 3 – Trapeza, Djina, Missouri, Flacara, Luci, Meridian; subcluster 4 – Mia, Ceri (L. esculentum var. cerasiforme), and those of subcluster 5 were lines L72, L 74. Summing it up, out of tested 6 pair of primers only 5 pairs were effective to distinguishing tomato genotypes for diversity in R genes and perhaps associated disease resistances. These findings will facilitate the disease resistance identification and speed up the development resistant genotypes of tomato to a wide array of pathogens in breeding programs.