In this article the main steps of historical views upon development of ―mind-brain‖ correlation (concept of localizationism , ecvipotentionalism, dynamic localization, functional system) were exposed. The role of different structure-functional blocks (energetic block, reception block, processing and storage the information and programming block) in Luria’s conception and in his school is examined. Some neurosurgical interventions that contribute to a better understanding of the correlation between mind-brain and the main directions of future research in this aspect are described.