The physical and geographical area of Maloje Polesje is an integral part of the Volyn-Podolia plateau. Polesje and Podolian nature elements are often combined in its landscape structure. This combination is the most pronounced in the structure of the soil cover, where among the prevailing mosaic combinations of sod-podzolic, soddy and marsh soils, there are small tracts (islands) of Chernozems of different genetic nature. The presence of black soils (Chernozem podzolized and Typical Chernozems on loess-like rocks, and carbonate Chernozems on eluvium of Upper Cretaceous marl rocks) in Maloje Polesje can be explained by the litho-geomorphological factors and specificity of the history of nature development of the Maloje Polesje region in the upper Cenozoic.