The features of dry matter accumulation and nutrient consumption of winter wheat during various periods of vegetation are revealed.In the phase of spring tillering, winter wheat accumulates about 6–9% of dry matter and about 20% of nitrogen and phosphorus and 32% of potassium from their maximum quantity. By the booting phase, wheat accumulates about 20% of dry matter and uses about 75% potassium, 50% phosphorus and 40% nitrogen from the total need from the soil. The greatest amount of dry matter - about 80% of the total - winter wheat accumulates during the period from the booting phase to milk-wax maturity of grain. By the flowering phase, plants consume the maximum (100%) amount of potassium, 67% nitrogen and 73% phosphorus (from total). A close relationship has been established between productivity and the amount of organic mass accumulated in winter wheat in various phases of development. Fertilizer contributed to a more intensive (1.4-3.8 times more) use of nutrients from the soil. The most intense nitrogen consumption of winter wheat per unit time falls on the period from booting to milk-wax maturity of grain. During this period, wheat uses 1.7-2.6 kg/ha of nitrogen daily for the formation of 4.5-5.5 t/ha of grain. The optimization of the nitrogen nutrition of winter wheat during this period determines the level of yield and its quality.