Breeding corn for drought tolerance
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2022-03-06 14:17
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VANKOVITCH, N., MYRZA, V.. Breeding corn for drought tolerance. In: International congress on oil and protein crops, 20-24 mai 2018, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Tipografia "Artpoligraf", 2018, p. 97. ISBN 978-9975-3178-5-6.
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International congress on oil and protein crops 2018
Congresul "International congress on oil and protein crops"
Chişinău, Moldova, 20-24 mai 2018

Breeding corn for drought tolerance


Pag. 97-97

Vankovitch N., Myrza V.
 
Institute of Crop Science "Porumbeni"
 
Disponibil în IBN: 11 septembrie 2019


Rezumat

In the Republic of Moldova corn is considered to be one of the most important cereal and fodder crops, which occupies about 400 000 ha per year and 90-95% of this area is sown with domestic hybrids, which have such precious qualities as the increased resistance to root and stalk lodging, diseases and pests, heat and drought. Also, with a longer vegetation period, semilate hybrids are more preferred by producers, ensuring higher yields than earlier maturity groups. These hybrids have a range of valuable biological capacities that have high grain and silo productivity, are well adapted to local climatic conditions, which are often drought, resistant increased plant densities, positive reaction to the use of mineral fertilizers and irrigation, suited to modern technologies, possesses other valuable agronomic indices. Drought is a climatic phenomenon encompassing water limited conditions that reduce plant vegetative growth and can have severe effects on seed production. The optimal strategy for a plant type to produce the most seeds under drought may vary greatly depending on the nature of the stress. Under stressful conditions of Moldova, not only new hybrids have high productivity but also the parental forms of these hybrids - the new experimental inbred lines. In our research, when creating new maize lines resistant to drought, selection methods such as hybridization, self-pollination, recurrent selection, backcrossing are used. Our breeding program have following components: - select of new material within available germplasm pools distributed into heterotic groups; - developing new inbred lines within the populations; - use as a source material of lines with ex-PVP; - evaluation of the general and specific combinational ability by conducting topcross and diallel crosses; - developing and testing of new hybrid combinations crossing improved inbred lines from the complementary heterotic groups; - recycling of the superior new inbred lines. Distinctly positive biological characters have led to the extensive use of Moldovan hybrids both in the Republic of Moldova and in other countries. Since 2000, the following 24 corn hybrids have been released: BM 285 MRf; Porumbeni 222 MRf; Porumbeni 225 MRf; Porumbeni 233 ACRf; Porumbeni 262 AMRf; Porumbeni 270 CRf; Porumbeni 293 MRf; Porumbeni 294 MRf; Porumbeni 306 MRf; Porumbeni 331 MRf; Porumbeni 346 CRf; Porumbeni 375 AMRf; Porumbeni 378 MRf; Porumbeni 379 MRf; Porumbeni 383 MRf; Porumbeni 395 MRf; Porumbeni 443 MRf; Porumbeni 457 MRf; Porumbeni 458 CRf; Porumbeni 459 MRf; Porumbeni 461 MRf; Porumbeni 462 MRf; Porumbeni 463 MRf; Rosmold 254 MRf.