The intensity of dealkalization of container colorless glass by gaseous reagents of different nature
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2023-06-06 11:09
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SHARAGOV, Vasile, DUKA, Gh., BURCOVSCHI, Ion. The intensity of dealkalization of container colorless glass by gaseous reagents of different nature. In: Materials Science and Condensed Matter Physics, Ed. 8-th Edition, 12-16 septembrie 2016, Chişinău. Chişinău: Institutul de Fizică Aplicată, 2016, Editia 8, p. 357. ISBN 978-9975-9787-1-2.
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Materials Science and Condensed Matter Physics
Editia 8, 2016
Conferința "International Conference on Materials Science and Condensed Matter Physics"
8-th Edition, Chişinău, Moldova, 12-16 septembrie 2016

The intensity of dealkalization of container colorless glass by gaseous reagents of different nature


Pag. 357-357

Sharagov Vasile1, Duka Gh.2, Burcovschi Ion1
 
1 "Alecu Russo" State University of Balti,
2 Academy of Sciences of Moldova
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 7 august 2019


Rezumat

Dealkalization by acid gases is an effective method of improving chemical resistance of glass surface. For example, water resistance of container glass increases by ten times under the influence of acid gases, its mechanical strength increases by 15-20 %, thermostability and microhardness – by 10-15 %. Sulfur oxides, hydrogen chloride, fluorine– and chlorine–containing reagents and others are used for thermochemical treatment of glass [1-2]. The more intense is the dealkalization of glass by acid gases, the more its physical and chemical properties improve [3]. The aim of the undertaken experiments was to estimate the dealkalization intensity of container colorless glass by gaseous reagent of different nature.   Objects of investigation were jars, bottles and flasks of container colorless glass. Sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, carbon oxide, hydrogen fluoride and chloride, difluorodichloromethane, difluorochloromethane and mixtures of different gases (SO2 + O2, NO2 + O2, CHF2Cl + SO2, CHF2Cl + NO2, CF2Cl2 + SO2, SO2 + HCl etc) were used as gaseous reagents. Thermochemical treatment of glass samples was held in laboratory and industrial conditions. The main regimes of thermochemical treatment of glass samples in laboratory conditions are: temperature - between 300 and 700 oС, duration - between 1 s and 2 h, quantity of gaseous reagent introduced into the reacting vessel is between 0.01 and 1.00 mol. The main industrial conditions of treatment of glassware by gaseous media are: temperature – between 500 and 800 °C, duration of reagent feed - 1 s, volume fraction of gaseous reagent (gaseous reagent volume vs. container capacity) between 0.05 and    50.0 %.   The intensity of dealkalization of container colorless glass by gaseous reagents was estimated using the rate of extraction of alkaline cations from the surface layers. Experiments were carried out for all gaseous reagents given the following constant factors affecting the process of glass dealkalization: temperature, chemical composition of glass, duration of thermochemical treatment, concentration and humidity of gaseous reagent, supplementary heat treatment, surface state of the samples etc.   Treatment of container colorless glass by gaseous reagents at temperatures above 300 0C is accompanied by extraction of alkali metal cations from glass. In laboratory conditions, when temperature increases up to 600 oC, the rate of extraction of alkaline metals cations from glass by gaseous reagents increases by 10-25 times. The mixtures of gaseous reagents (fluorine– and chlorine–containing reagents with sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride) most actively dealkalized container colorless glass at the temperature of 600 oC.