The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the Republic of Moldova activities in the domain of countering and preventing terrorism. In 2015-2018 there was a considerable worsening of the anti-terrorist security state in most of the world’s countries. Instability and military conflicts in the Near East increase terrorist risk across the whole European continent, generating flows of refugees from conflict zones. The regional security context places the Republic of Moldova in a risk framework with a potential to rise in terrorist aspect. In order to fight against terrorism, the Republic of Moldova improves the legal basis and the existing institutional system and also improves the interinstitutional cooperation and coordination, establishes cooperation relations with respective subunits. In connection with the terrorist attacks in the years 2015-2016 on the territory of the EU Member States, on June 27, 2017, the Law on Preventing and Combating Terrorism was adopted in the Republic of Moldova.